回复：【王府英语】英语词汇、短语、句型、语法及历年高考真题解释

【短语解释】come across：偶然遇见或发现
The boy who had never come across anything like this before … 男孩子们以前从未见过这种情况…【人教版教材•英语7选修•第4单元•第29页】
I came across an old friend I hadn’t seen for years. 我碰巧遇见了多年未见的老朋友。
I came across some interesting books in the room. 我在房间里发现了一些有趣的书。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语7选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】adjust to sth：适应…
How difficult do you think it is to adjust to the customs of another country? 你认为适应外国风俗习惯有多难？【人教版教材•英语7选修•第5单元•第37页】
The reasonable man adjusts himself to the world；the unreasonable one persists in trying to adjust the world to himself. (Bernard Show) 有理性的人能使自己适应世界；无理性的人力图让世界适应自己。（萧伯纳）
I find it very difficult to adjust myself to the climate here. 我觉得自己很难适应这儿的气候。
Astronauts in flight must adjust to weightlessness. 航天员在飞行中必须适应失重状态。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语7选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】fit in (with)：相处融洽，适应
Chinese student fitting in well 中国学生适应能力强（标题）【人教版教材•英语7选修•第5单元•第38页】
They work hard and fit in well. 他们工作努力，相处融洽。
It is necessary for us to fit in with the times. 我们必须与时俱进。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语7选修•教师教学用书》

【句型解释】It is/was the first time(that)+现在/过去完成时态
在It is the first time (that) + clause结构中，我们通常用现在完成时态；而在It was the first time (that) + clause结构中，我们通常用过去完成时态。例如：
It was the first time she had ever left her motherland. 这是她第一次离开她的祖国。【人教版教材•英语7选修•第5单元•第38页】
It is the first time (that) I have spoken to foreign guests. 这是我第一次与外宾谈话。
It was the first time (that) I had visited such a beautiful place. 那是我第一次看到这么美丽的地方。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语7选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】as/so far as：就…而言，在…范围
Besides, as far as he was concerned, what other people thought was not the most important thing. 此外，他认为，别人的想法并不是最重要的。【人教版教材•英语7选修•第5单元•第38页】
So far as the weather is concerned, I do not think it will matter if we go there tomorrow. 就天气而言，我认为假如我们明天去那儿没什么关系。
As far as I know, he is still working there. 就我所知，他还在那儿工作。
As far as he was concerned, he was satisfied with your answer. 就他而言，他对你的答案是满意的。
As far as I am concerned, the essay is all right. 就我而言，这篇文章写得不错。
此外，as far as 还有“远至，直到”的意思。例如：
He used to take a walk after supper, often as far as two or three miles. 他以前晚饭后总要散散步，往往一走就是两三英里。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语7选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】feel/be at home：（像在家一样）舒服自在
Xie Lei told me that she feels much more at home in England now, and what had seemed very strange before now appears quite normal. 谢蕾告诉我说，现在她在英国感到自在多了。以前看似很奇怪的事，如今觉得似乎很正常了。【人教版教材•英语7选修•第5单元•第39页】
She felt at home on the stage this time, though she seldom appeared. 尽管她很少在舞台上露面，这次在台上她感觉很自在。
She was quite at home, because she recognized familiar faces. 她感到很自在，因为她认出了熟悉的面孔。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语7选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】by means of：依靠，凭借
Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科学家认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。【人教版教材•英语8选修•第1单元•第2页】
The thief had wanted to escape by means of a secret tunnel, but was caught. 小偷本想从一条暗道里逃走，结果被抓了。
means：方式，方法（单复数同形）
All possible means have been tried. (Every possible means has been tried.) 一切可能的办法都试过了。
The quickest means of travel is by plane. 旅行的最快方式是乘飞机。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语8选修•教师教学用书》

【句型解释】(sth) occur to sb：想起，想到
It didn’t occur to me that … 我起初没想到…【人教版教材•英语8选修•第1单元•第5页】
A good idea occurred to me all at once. 我突然间想到一个好主意。
It had never occurred to him that she might be against him. 他从没想到她会反对他。
occur：发生
When did the accident occur? 事故是什么时候发生的？
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语8选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】keep up：保持，坚持；继续，持续
In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. 1911年，丹麦移民建立了自己的城镇，至今仍然保留着丹参文化。【人教版教材•英语8选修•第1单元•第2页】
The manager asked the workers to keep up the work. 经理要求工人们继续干活。
The rain kept up for two days and the roads were flooded. 雨持续下了两天，路面积水成灾。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语8选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】cast down：使…沮丧，使…泄气
Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly’s illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. 研究克隆的科学家发现多莉得的病更容易发生在年老的羊身上，这让他们很沮丧。【人教版教材•英语8选修•第2单元•第12页】
He was much cast down by the failure of the experiment. 实验的失败使他非常沮丧。
Anyone would be cast down by news such as that. 任何人都会因这样的消息而感到悲伤。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语8选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】pay off：没有白费，得到好结果；偿清，还清
But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough — the cloning of Dolly the sheep. 但是决心和耐心使科学家最终于1996年获得了突破性的结果 — 克隆羊多莉。【人教版教材•英语8选修•第2单元•第11页】
His efforts paid off when the girl accepted his proposal. 他的努力没有白费，女孩接受了她的求婚。
I’ll have paid off my debt by this time next year. 明年此时我的债就要还清了。
The men were paid off on the last day before the holiday. 工人们休假前一天拿到了工钱。
【注】以上例句摘自【人教版教材•英语8选修•第88页】


【短语解释】pay off：没有白费，得到好结果；偿清，还清
But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough — the cloning of Dolly the sheep. 但是决心和耐心使科学家最终于1996年获得了突破性的结果 — 克隆羊多莉。【人教版教材•英语8选修•第2单元•第11页】
His efforts paid off when the girl accepted his proposal. 他的努力没有白费，女孩接受了她的求婚。
I’ll have paid off my debt by this time next year. 明年此时我的债就要还清了。
The men were paid off on the last day before the holiday. 工人们休假前一天拿到了工钱。
【注】以上例句摘自【人教版教材•英语8选修•第88页】

【短语解释】be bound to：必定，一定
Dolly’s death, like her birth, was bound to raise worries. 多莉的死亡，就像她的出生一样，必定会引起人们的担忧。【人教版教材•英语8选修•第2单元•第14页】
The weather is bound to get better tomorrow. 明天天气一定会变好。
You’ve done so much work that you are bound to pass the exam. 你下了这么大功夫，一定能考及格。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语8选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】distinguish oneself：使自己与众不同，使自己出名
Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them. 这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西，即可以把蛇捉住，又不会伤害它们。【人教版教材•英语8选修•第3单元•第20页】
They have distinguished themselves as dedicated social workers. 他们以全心全意的社会工作者而著称。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语8选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】set about = set out：着手，开始
I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them. 于是我就研究蛇的习性，以便能找到最容易的方法捉住它们。【人教版教材•英语8选修•第3单元•第20页】
He set about solving the problem as soon as he arrived there. = He set out to solve the problem as soon as he arrived there. 他一到那儿就着手解决问题。
Bell never set out to invent the telephone. 贝尔从未打算发明电话。
set out：动身，出发
The have set out (=set off) for Shanghai. 他们已出发到上海去了。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语8选修•教师教学用书》