回复：【王府英语】英语词汇、短语、句型、语法及历年高考真题解释

【短语解释】die down：渐弱，渐熄
We could also eat the remains when the fire died down. 火熄灭后我们也可以吃剩下的东西。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第1单元•第9页】
The wind died down. 风势渐渐弱了下来。
The excitement soon died down. 那股兴奋劲儿渐渐冷了下来。
【词语联想】
die away （声音、风、光）渐渐减弱，甚至停止
die off （有生命的群体）一个接一个地死去
die out （家族、种族、习俗、观念等）完全消失，绝种
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【词语辨析】chef 和 cook
chef和cook 都有“厨师”的意思，但chef多指“厨艺高超的男性厨师，主厨”，而cook则泛指“烹调食物的人”。
As a chef, it was my duty to clean and cook these animals, so I was soon being encouraged to vary the meals in whatever way I could. 作为厨子，我的责任就是把这些动物清洗干净并做成熟肉。没过多久，他们就不断鼓动我想方设法变化伙食的花样。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第1单元•第9页】
He works as a chef in a restaurant.. 他在一家餐馆当厨师。
Who is the cook in your family? 在你们家谁做饭？
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【词汇解释】vary：改变，变化，使多样化
As a chef, it was my duty to clean and cook these animals, so I was soon being encouraged to vary the meals in whatever way I could. 作为厨子，我的责任就是把这些动物清洗干净并做成熟肉。没过多久，他们就不断鼓动我想方设法变化伙食的花样。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第1单元•第9页】
The temperature varies from time to time. 温度时有变化。
The teacher was advised to vary his teaching methods. 有人建议这位老师改变一下教学方法。
Mom is a good cook; she varies the meals so that we never get tired of eating at home. 妈妈是个好厨师。她总是变换菜的口味，所以我们从不厌烦在家吃饭。
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【词汇解释】persevere (in/with)：坚持，忍耐(vi)
Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive and he had repaid us by his commitment to return and save us from a slow but painful death. 乐观和对沙克尔顿的信任帮我们坚持顽强地活下来，他给我们的回报则是承诺返回岛上，并且把我们从缓慢而又痛苦的死亡中解救出来。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第1单元•第9页】
He perseveres in his studies. 他孜孜不倦地学习。
She persevered with her piano lessons. 她持之以恒地努力学钢琴。
The police will persevere with their efforts to investigate the crime. 警方会尽全力将这起犯罪案件调查到底。
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【词汇解释】repay：回报，报答，偿还
Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive and he had repaid us by his commitment to return and save us from a slow but painful death. 乐观和对沙克尔顿的信任帮我们坚持顽强地活下来，他给我们的回报则是承诺返回岛上，并且把我们从缓慢而又痛苦的死亡中解救出来。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第1单元•第9页】
When do you think you will be able to repay us? 你认为你什么时候能还我们钱？
I couldn’t find a way of repaying the family’s kindness. 我不知该如何报答这一家人的好意。
repay sb for sth：因为（某事）而报答（某人）
repay sb with/by doing sth：（以某种方式）回报（某人）
We’ll never be able to repay you for everything you’ve done for us. 我们永远也无法报答你为我们所做的一切。
She tried to be a good teacher, and the students repaid her with their love and respect. 她努力想当一名好老师，而学生也以爱和尊敬回报她。
After I have done so much for you, how can you repay me by lying to me? 我为你付出这么多，你怎么能用谎话来回报我？
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【词汇解释】commitment：承若，责任，约束
Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive and he had repaid us by his commitment to return and save us from a slow but painful death. 乐观和对沙克尔顿的信任帮我们坚持顽强地活下来，他给我们的回报则是承诺返回岛上，并且把我们从缓慢而又痛苦的死亡中解救出来。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第1单元•第9页】
We’ve made a commitment to help, and we will. 我们已经答应帮忙，我们一定说到做到。
I can’t do this job right now because of other commitments. 因为还有别的事要做，目前我不能做这项工作。
He couldn’t go on holiday with us because of work commitment. 他公务缠身，不能和我们一起去度假。
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【词汇解释】in：在某行动或过程中，相当于while
In expressing her love for you, my sister has also expressed mine. 姐姐在表达她对您的爱的同时，也道出了我的心声。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第2单元•第12页】
In racing for the bus, she fell and hurt her knees. 她追赶公共汽车时摔了一跤，伤了膝盖。
In helping you with the competition, I have also learned a lot. 在帮你参赛的同时，我也学了不少。
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【词汇解释】riches(n)：财富，财宝，金钱（只有复数形式）
I love you more than all the riches in the world, more than my freedom, more even than my own eyesight. In fact, I love you more than life itself. 我爱您胜于爱世上所有的财富，胜于爱我的自由，甚至还胜于爱我的眼睛。事实上，我爱您胜于爱自己的生命。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第2单元•第12页】
We’ll see if either wants to be a bridegroom when she has no riches to bring to the marriage. 我们倒要看看，她没有分毫嫁妆，谁愿意当她的新郎？【人教版教材•英语10选修•第2单元•第13页】
Riches have wings. [谚语]钱财易散。
She gave away all her riches. 她把自己的全部财产都送给了别人。
近义词有：possessions，fortune，gold，money，property，treasure，wealth等。
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】be equal in：在（某方面）相等
This part is equal in value to what I give to Goneril. 这部份和我给贡纳莉的那部份价值相等。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第2单元•第12页】
Are men and women equal in physical strength? 男人和女人在体力上相当吗？
You and I are equal in strength, but not in intelligence. 你我力气相当，但智力有高下之分。
be equal to：与…想等
Let X be equal to Y. 设X 等于Y。
They receive an income that is equal to the value of the goods they produce. 他们所得的收入与他们所生产的产品价值相当。
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【词汇解释】when：如果，既然（相当于if，since，now that）
We’ll see if either wants to be a bridegroom when she has no riches to bring to the marriage. 我们倒要看看，她没有分毫嫁妆，谁愿意当她的新郎？【人教版教材•英语10选修•第2单元•第13页】
How can he get good grades when he doesn’t study hard? 他不用功的话怎么拿高分呢？
Why does she always drive to work when she could easily take the bus? 她坐公交车上班很方便，为什么总是开车去呢？
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【句型解释】have/get sth done：叫别人做某事
have sth done或get sth done都是“叫别人做某事”，但have sth done更正式。如：
If you have not passed beyond my frontiers within five days, I will have you killed. 五天之内你若没有离开我的国土，我就叫人杀了你。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第2单元•第13页】
We’ve just had the house decorated. 我们刚叫人把房子装修了一下。
It’ll be a long journey. We’d better have the car serviced before we set out. 这次旅行路途遥远，我们最好在出发之前叫人把汽车维修一下。
Doesn’t Mike look smart? He has had that suit made specially for the wedding. 迈克看上去很潇洒，是吧？他那身西装是专为婚礼而定做的。
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】give sb a trial：试用（某人）
OK, Caius, I’ll give you a trial. And if you prove to be good at your job, I’ll keep you on as my servant. 好的，凯厄斯，我将考验你一下。如果你能证明你擅长你的差事，我会留你作我的仆人。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第2单元•第17页】
I did well in the job interview and they decided to give me a trial. 由于我在求职面试中发挥出色，他们决定试用我。
He is a capable man. It would be a mistake not to give him a trial. 他是个精明能干的人。不给他试用机会是不对的。
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】keep sb on：继续留用
OK, Caius, I’ll give you a trial. And if you prove to be good at your job, I’ll keep you on as my servant. 好的，凯厄斯，我将考验你一下。如果你能证明你擅长你的差事，我会留你作我的仆人。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第2单元•第17页】
How many people will be kept on by the company? 有多少人会被公司留用？
You’re not fit for the job. We can’t keep you on. 你不适合这个工作，我们不能继续留用你。
She’s a smart girl. It’s a pity that they don’t keep her on. 她是个挺聪明的女孩子。他们不继续留用她，真可惜。
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【词汇解释】suspect：怀疑，猜想
I suspected the same, but I keep telling myself it was my imagination. 我曾这样怀疑过，但我不断告诉自己说，这只是我的想象罢了。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第2单元•第18页】
He seems poor, but I suspected that he has quite a lot of money. 他看上去很穷，可是我怀疑他很有钱。
I suspect his poverty. 我怀疑他并不是真的很穷。
Don’t suspect my loyalty. 不要怀疑我的忠诚。
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【词汇解释】behave：举动，举止，行为表现
behave是不及物动词，可以用副词修饰。如：
And unless you want me to get rid of the rest of them too, I suggested you teach them how to behave properly. 你若不想让我把剩下的士兵赶走的话，我建议你还是教教他们怎么守规矩。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第2单元•第18页】
The boy behaved very well last night. 这个男孩昨天晚上表现挺好。
The child behaved badly at the party. 那孩子在聚会上的表现很差。
Mom is always telling me to behave when we go out. 每当我们外出时，妈妈总是告诫我要守规矩。
behave也可以是及物动词，但它所接的宾语只能是反身代词behave oneself。如：
Please behave yourself. 举止要得体。
The children behaved themselves at the party. I’m proud of them. 孩子们在聚会上举止得体，我为他们感到骄傲。
【注】以上例句摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》