阅读是考察读句子的能力,新题型更是这样的。
我们在大致掌握【句法】和【词汇】之后,就可以读懂句子了。但是要同时可以想起多个句子的意思,需要我们读句子的【熟练】度高。
我下面说的,可能对楼主的帮助不是特别大,因为所谓思路,其实最后还是读句子的熟练度。这个高,自己也看的出来,就好像对长大的地方熟悉,真是条条大路到目的地。如果不熟悉,就会像在外地,问路之后,可能还是反应不过来。
--------------------------------------------------------------------
1 假设楼主读句子的熟练度比较高了,在通读全文之后,楼主会发现它们都在讲两个事情retail sales v.s. wholesale,所以我们可能本能的感受到,文章的组织,就是看这两个之间的关系是什么。
--------------------------------------------------------------------
2 英语的段落,和中文的段落一样,是多个句子,按照一定的关系组织起来的。我们这是一篇论述文,用我们中学时代的知识,段落中句子的关系,不外乎就是:
总观点 --->举例子
总观点 --->展开观点
总观点 --->反对的观点
等等这些
这个时候非常考验读句子的熟练程度。
特别熟练,在第一次通读的时候,就已经注意到这些了。
不是特别熟练,我们需要回头再分别把每段话读一下,【把复杂的一段话,去去水分,留下最核心的部分】
于是
A The first and more important is the consumer's growing preference for eating out. Meanwhile, people are getting anxious. They tend to consider eating at home a realistic alternative.
B Retail sales of food and drink in Europe's largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hunger for opportunities to grow. But almost all have igored the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.
C Will such variatiosn bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely, not.
D All in all, this clarly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their gigantic scale, and so on. Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rank in substantial profits thereby. Closer inspection reveals inportant differentces among the biggest national markets. Big retailers must understand these differences.
E Despite variations indetail, wholesale markets are made out of the same building blocks. Demand mainly comes from two sources: independent grocery stores, and food service operators. Overall, Europe's wholesale market for food and drink is growing at the same sluggish pace as the retail market, but the figures, mask two opposing trends.
F For example, wholesale food and drink sales came to $268 billion in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom in 2000. Moreover, average overall margins are higher in wholesale; wholesale demand is growing quickly; and changes are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate.
G However, none of these requirements should deter large retailers, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
3 在简化之后,我们可以看到,这些段落之间,是有比较明显的关系的。
在训练写作的过程中,会要求一个段落之中的句子之间有关系,同时要要求不同段落之间的意思有关系,还要求使用语言,让读者容易看出这种关系。
阅读就是这个的反过程。
在上面的简化过程中,我们很容易看出来,开头的是B,这是一个引子,告诉我们retail sales有问题,所以大家要在wholesale上作文章。
于是我们有
B -- ? -- ? -- ? -- E -- ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------
4 下面的工作,就是看B和E中的线索,哪些可以让我们找到下面的段落。
E后面只有一段,这个看起来最简单,我们就处理它。
E Despite variations indetail, wholesale markets are made out of the same building blocks. Demand mainly comes from two sources: independent grocery stores, and food service operators. Overall, Europe's wholesale market for food and drink is growing at the same sluggish pace as the retail market, but the figures, mask two opposing trends.
可以想到,段落的前面承接前文,后面引起下文。
在E 最后,给出的最重要信息就是:two opposing trends。
重要信息,【两个】趋势,它们之间还是【冲突的】。
很容易就发现,只有一个地方满足条件,那就是A
A The first and more important is the consumer's growing preference for eating out. Meanwhile, people are getting anxious. They tend to consider eating at home a realistic alternative.
The first暗示我们还有the second。
meanwhile表示对比,说明前后一定有两项,无论看明白哪里,都会注意到,这里有【两个】
再一看内容growinng preference for eating out v.s. consider eating at home a realistic alternative,这两个是【冲突】的,于是:
B -- ? -- ? -- ? -- E -- A
--------------------------------------------------------------------
5 我们看B中的线索:
B Retail sales of food and drink in Europe's largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hunger for opportunities to grow. But almost all have igored the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.
还是看后面引出下文的部分:which appears to be
appears说看起来是,让人感觉不是很确定。但是这个是论述主,文章就是说wholesale合适的,那后面大概有内容认证真的是。
在余下的CDFG中看一下,似乎有两个都满足需求的:
D All in all, this clarly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their gigantic scale, and so on. Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rank in substantial profits thereby. Closer inspection reveals inportant differentces among the biggest national markets. Big retailers must understand these differences.
F For example, wholesale food and drink sales came to $268 billion in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom in 2000. Moreover, average overall margins are higher in wholesale; wholesale demand is growing quickly; and changes are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate.
D说clearly seems to be,这个语气明显比apears to be强。F说for example, wholesale ... came to $268 billion,这个是举例子说明。
这两个看起来都有可能的。那我们再仔细看这两个。
在F中有列举,给出了wholesale好的四大理由
- sales came to $268 billion
- average overall margins are higher
- wholesale demand is growing quickly
- changes are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate
在D的开头有all in all(总的说来),看起来是总结,于是我们知道,这两个的关系是FD,于是:
B -- F -- D -- ? -- E -- A
--------------------------------------------------------------------
看D后面的线索:big retailers must understand these differences
再一看G:However, none of these requirements ...
于是B -- F -- D -- G -- E -- A