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英学丶新概念英语语法:系动词的分类及用法(三)

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1楼2010-06-26 10:10回复
    根据系动词的意义,我们把英语系动词分为四类:
    A.五大感官系动词 B.状态系动词
    C.动态系动词 D.双谓语系动词
    A.五大感官系动词,描述一种感官性质。由实义感官动词变化而来,都是半系动词。
    1.look“看起来像是”,后接adj.、n.、分词、介词短语、不定式等。
    The girl bit her lips and looked thoughtful.
    这位女孩咬着嘴唇,看上去若有所思。
    2.smell“闻起来”,后接adj.分词。
    The flowers smell sweet.
    这些花气味真香。
    3.sound“听起来”,后接adj.\分词。
    The music sounds sweet.
    这首诗听起来真悦耳。
    4.taste“尝起来”,后接adj.\分词。
    The apples taste very good.
    这些苹果很好吃。
    5.feel①“摸起来,给……感觉”;②“觉得”,后接adj./p.p.
    The silk feels very soft.
    丝绸摸起来很滑。
    You will feel better after a night’s sleep.
    睡上一晚,你会觉得好些。


    2楼2010-06-26 10:10
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      2025-09-03 23:19:54
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      B.状态系动词:
      1.be,“是”,属完全系动词。
      I am a student.
      我是一个学生。
      2.seem,“似乎,好像”,完全系动词。
      They seem quite happy.
      他们似乎很快乐。
      3.appear,“显得,看起来好像”,半系动词。
      He appeared tired and sleepy.
      他显得疲倦而且好像要睡觉了。
      It appeared(to be)a true story.
      看来这是一个真实的故事。
      The river appears as if enveloped in smog.
      这条河好像笼罩在烟雾之中。
      Now it appears to me that he may play an important part in settling the problem.
      在我看来,他可能在解决这个问题中起着重要作用。
      4.keep, “保持……的状态”,半系动词,后接adj或介词短语。
      You’d better go to bed and keep warm.
      你最好躺在床上去暖和一下。
      5.remain,“仍是”,半系动词。
      I remained silent.
      我仍然缄默。
      6.stay“保持(某种状态)”,半系动词,后接adj.、过去分词。
      The window stayed open all the night.
      7.prove “证明是”,半系动词,后接adj.\n.
      The treatment proved to be successful.
      这种疗法证明是成功的。


      3楼2010-06-26 10:10
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        C.动态系动词:都属于半系动词,描述状态变化过程。
        1.get“变成,变得……起来”,后可接形容词、分词、介词短语。
        The days are getting longer and longer.
        白天变得越来越长了。
        The train didn’t get going again.
        火车还没重新启动。
        It’s nothing to get excited about.
        没啥可因此而激动的。
        My watch gets out of order.
        我的表出毛病了。
        2.fall“进入(某种状态),成为”,后常接以下形容词:
        asleep, lame, silent, ill, sick, flat.
        The old men, unable to express himself, fell silent.
        那位老人说不清自己的意思,就不做声了。
        My father fell ill and died.
        我的父亲生病死了。
        3.grow“渐渐变得……起来,长得”
        You will grow used to it.
        你逐渐会习惯的。
        It’s growing warm.
        天气渐渐暖和起来了。
        4.turn“转变成(新的与原来完全不同的色彩或性质),变质(色)”。
        Maple trees turn red in autumn.
        枫叶在秋天变红了。
        It was cloudy this morning, but fortunately it has turned fine.
        今天早上是阴天,幸好已经转晴了。
        He has turned writer.
        他已成为一个作家。
        (注意:此时writer之前无冠词a.)
        5.go,“变成(某种坏的状态)”
        The telephone has gone dead.
        电话不通了。
        The tire went flat.
        轮胎瘪了。
        The material has gone a funny colour.
        这料子的颜色变得奇怪了。
        The thieves must not go unpunished.
        决不能让这些盗贼逍遥法外。
        go之后常接的adj. 还有:bad, blind, wild, wrong, sour, hard, hungry, mad, red, with, anger, white, pale, blue, grey, naked等。.
        6.become“变成,成为(好坏均可的情况)”
        He became angry with me.
        他对我生气了。
        It became dark.天气晚了。
        They became good friends.
        他们成了好朋友。
        I became interested in drawing.
        我开始对素描感兴趣了。
        7.come,“变成为(已知的状态),证实为”,后常接形容词或前缀un-的过去分词作表语,表示状态或情况的变化。
        His wish to become a pilot has come true.
        他想当飞行员的愿望实现了。
        If you look into the matter, everything will come clear.
        如果你调查一下这事,一切都会清楚。
        My shoelaces have come undone.
        我的鞋带松了。
        后面常接的形容词还有:apart, dear(昂贵),natural, open, short, right(好了),unstuck(没有粘住),untied(松开)。
        8.run,“变成”,后接adj.
        The well has run dry.
        这井已经变干了。
        The price ran high.
        价格上升了。
        9.make,“达到某种状态[后接形容词],如sure, certain, merry, bold, free
        We must make certain of facts.
        我们一定要弄清事实。
        The Children make free with the apples.
        孩子们随便吃苹果。


        4楼2010-06-26 10:11
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          D.双谓语系动词
          此类系动词既有系动词的功能,后接表语,又保留原实义动词本身的含义。例如:
          The run rose red.
          太阳升起红艳艳。
          She stopped and stood quite still.
          她停下来然后一丝不动地站着。
          The book lay open on the table.
          那书在桌子上打开着。
          The snow lay thick on the ground.
          雪厚厚地堆积在地上。
          He married young.
          他结婚很早。
          The window blew open.
          窗户吹开了。
          The dog has broken loose.
          豿挣脱锁链了。
          She blushed as red as a peony.
          她的脸红得像一朵牡丹花。
          Lei Feng died young.
          雷锋早逝。
          The material has worn thin.
          这种布料已穿薄了。
          The weather continued calm.
          天气仍然平静。
          He continued silent.
          他继续沉默不语。


          5楼2010-06-26 10:11
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