一万行3列的数据计算一轮要多久呢，处理大数据的朋友可以进来看

目测不应超过0.1秒

笔记本电脑内存16G，你的电脑上跑应该会慢一点

动态图片比较真实

+-改为中文加减确实慢了大概0.1秒，没有慢100倍。
动态截图你也看到了，我生成题目跟计算答案是在两个不同的过程进行的，并没有在生成题目时将数字写入内存。

保持对他人的敬畏，你可以学的更多

Sub test2()
Dim t1: t1 = Timer
Dim i%, j%, str$, output%
Dim rng As Range: Set rng = Range("a1:c30000")
Dim arr(): arr = rng
Dim RE As Object
Set RE = CreateObject("vbscript.regexp")
RE.Global = True
RE.Pattern = "[0-9]+"
For i = 1 To 30000
For j = 1 To 3
str = arr(i, j)
Set matches = RE.Execute(str)
If InStr(str, "加") Then
output = matches(0).Value * 1 + matches(1).Value
Else
output = matches(0).Value * 1 - matches(1).Value
End If
arr(i, j) = Replace(str, "??", output)
Next
Next
Range("e1:g30000") = arr
Range("h1") = Timer - t1
End Sub

上面正则果然比较慢，这回放弃了正则，我的电脑跑1.62秒。
Sub test2b()
Dim t1: t1 = Timer
Dim i%, j%, a%, b%, str$, output%
Dim rng As Range: Set rng = Range("a1:c30000")
Dim arr(): arr = rng
For i = 1 To 30000
For j = 1 To 3
str = arr(i, j)
If InStr(str, "加") Then
strs = Split(str, "加")
a = strs(0)
b = Split(strs(1), "=")(0)
output = a + b
Else
strs = Split(str, "减")
a = strs(0)
b = Split(strs(1), "=")(0)
output = a - b
End If
arr(i, j) = Replace(str, "??", output)
Next
Next
Range("e1:g30000") = arr
Range("h1") = Timer - t1
End Sub

试了一下，3W行数据时，split处理字符串（本机测试1.8秒~1.9秒）会比12楼硫酸兄的left mid 慢大概0.2秒。
Sub t3() '2D array
Dim a, b, c(1 To 30000, 1 To 3), s$, t#, i&, j%
t = Timer
a = Me.Range("A1:C30000").Value
For j = 1 To 3
For i = 1 To 30000
s = Replace(a(i, j), "=??", "")
If InStr(s, "加") Then
b = Split(s, "加")
c(i, j) = b(0) & "加" & b(1) & "=" & CInt(b(0)) + CInt(b(1))
Else
b = Split(s, "减")
c(i, j) = b(0) & "减" & b(1) & "=" & b(0) - b(1)
End If
Next i
Next j
Me.Range("E1:G30000").Value = c
MsgBox Timer - t
End Sub

最后这次了，甚么花巧都白干，最原始的方法最有效。
这次1.0703125秒，若按琉大侠帮我做的测试比例计，可能在0.65秒上下。
Sub test_most_simple()
Dim t1: t1 = Timer
Dim i%, j%, d1%, d2%, a%, b%, str$
Dim rng As Range: Set rng = Range("a1:c30000")
Dim arr(): arr = rng
For i = 1 To 30000
For j = 1 To 3
str = arr(i, j)
d1 = InStr(str, "加") + InStr(str, "减")
d2 = InStr(str, "=")
a = 1 * Left(str, d1 - 1)
b = 1 * Mid(str, d1 + 1, d2 - d1 - 1)
If InStr(str, "减") Then b = -b
arr(i, j) = Left(str, Len(str) - 2) & a + b
Next
Next
Range("e1:g30000") = arr
Range("h1") = (Timer - t1)
End Sub