定 语 从 句 ( Part I)
一、定语:修饰名词或代词,翻译成“…….的”
定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
如:1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.
2) You must do everything( that) I do.
先行词:the man//everything
关系代词:who(做主语) that(做宾语,可省略)
关系词常有三个作用:
1、引导定语从句
2、代替先行词
3、在定语从句中充当一个成分
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人,在从句中做主语
(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person(whom/who) you talked about.
**whom常用who代替,可省略。
(2) The man (who/whom) you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物,在定从中做主语或宾语,做宾语时可省
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)
4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;
指物时,相当于which。
在定从中做主语或宾语,做宾语时可省。
(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)
(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)
5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替
(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?
=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
练习:
一、Join each pair of the sentences after the model.
Model: The boy helped me. He is my brother.
→The boy that (who) helped me is my brother.
1. The man is in the next room. He brought us the letter yesterday.
→The man who brought us the letter yesterday is in the next room.
2. The film is interesting. They saw it last night.
→The film (which/that) they saw last night is interesting.
3.The pen is mine. He has taken it away.
→The pen (which/that) he has taken away is mine.
4. The students will not pass the exam. They don’t work hard.
→The students who don’t work hard will not pass the exam.
5.The lady is our teacher. You saw her just now.
→The lady (that/who/whom) you saw just now is our teacher.
6. I was reading a book. The book is about a boy.
→I was reading a book which/that is about a boy.
→The book (that/which) I was reading is about a boy.
7. He is the young writer.He wrote the book.
→He is the young writer who/that wrote the book.
8. Do you know the doctor? He comes here once a month.
→Do you know the doctor who comes here once a month?
9. The foreign guest is Mr. Green.You saw him at the school gate.
→The foreign guest whom you saw at the school gate is Mr. Green.
10. I've received the book.Father sent it to me.
I’ve received the book which/that Father sent to me.
二、用关系代词填空:
that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose
1. This is the man who/that wants to see you.










