哪里？？

那个翻译一下。。。
Magnetic monopoles—particles that behave as isolated north or south magnetic poles—have been the subject of speculation since the first detailed observations of magnetism several hundred years ago1. Numerous theoretical investigations and hitherto unsuccessful experimental searches2 have followed Dirac’s 1931 development of a theory of monopoles consistent with both quantum mechanics and the gauge invariance of the electromagnetic field3. The existence of even a single Dirac magnetic monopole would have far-reaching physical consequences, most famously explaining the quantization of electric charge3, 4. Although analogues of magnetic monopoles have been found in exotic spin ices5, 6 and other systems7, 8, 9, there has been no direct experimental observation of Dirac monopoles within a medium described by a quantum field, such as superfluid helium-3 (refs 10, 11, 12, 13). Here we demonstrate the controlled creation14 of Dirac monopoles in the synthetic magnetic field produced by a spinor Bose–Einstein condensate. Monopoles are identified, in both experiments and matching numerical simulations, at the termini of vortex lines within the condensate. By directly imaging such a vortex line, the presence of a monopole may be discerned from the experimental data alone. These real-space images provide conclusive and long-awaited experimental evidence of the existence of Dirac monopoles. Our result provides an unprecedented opportunity to observe and manipulate these quantum mechanical entities in a controlled environment.

磁单极粒子，即表现为孤立的南北磁极的粒子，自数百年前第一次（从理论上）被系统研究以来一直是热门话题。众多理论研究和迄今未能成功（找到磁单极子）的实验都依赖于狄拉克1931年发展的兼容量子力学和电磁场的规范不变性的磁单极子的理论。即使是单个狄拉克磁单极子的存在将产生深远的物理后果，最有名的便是电荷的量子化。虽然磁单极子的类似物在奇异的自旋冰和其他系统中被发现，但是此前并没有在实验中观测到由量子场论描述的介质——如超流体氦-3中的磁单极子。在这里，我们展示了产生并控制狄拉克单极子的过程，在由自旋玻色 - 爱因斯坦凝聚体产生的合成磁场中。单极子在这两个实验及匹配的数值模拟中，在该冷凝液内涡旋线的末端被识别出来。通过直接对涡旋线成像，单极的存在可以由单独的实验数据分辨。这些现实空间中的图像提供了狄拉克单极子存在的定论，这是我们期待已久的实验证据。我们的结果提供了一个前所未有的机会在受控环境中来观察和操作这些量子力学的实体。
因为时常在网络上学习，查找资料，难免遇到英文。所以我一直有读我孩子的英语书，勉强能够翻译一下。

被发明。。。这个好像还是和自旋冰类似的东西吧

是模拟……

不错。

看见凝聚态就知道应该是和自旋冰一样的东西

不是天然的

用计算机模拟了了一个出来而已，作者会卖

不相信存在磁单极子。