节选翻译
《少女奇幻文学中的珀耳塞福涅神话》
The Myth of Persephone in Girls' Fantasy Literature
时间:2012
作者:Holly Virginia Blackford
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Page 192
The link between the basilisk and Ginny’s voice calls to mind Gilbert and Gubar’s interpretation of the Eve-Satan connection. Together, the (parsel)tongue of Ginny and Tom runs riot in the school.
金妮的声音与蛇怪之间的联系,让人想起吉尔伯特和古巴(在《阁楼上的疯女人》中)阐释的夏娃-撒旦联系。
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Page 8
these fantasies of relationships with Byronic boys are private. Both adults, Mrs. Darling and Mr. Lockwood, react with shock at glimpsing the relation between child and states of Satanic exile, the same shock registered in Mrs. Weasley, who cannot imagine what her meek daughter has to do with the dark lord.
女孩与拜伦式男孩的关系幻想是私密的。达林太太和洛克伍德先生这两个成年人在看到孩子的放逐之旅时都感到震惊,韦斯莱夫人也同样感到震惊,她无法想象她温顺的女儿和黑魔王有什么关系。
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The idea that the meekest virgin would have every need for the dark lord to come out of her diary points us to Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar’s The Madwoman in the Attic, which deeply influences my understanding of a juvenile version of the doubling between a daughter and Hades figure. The pattern of doubling between daughter and Byronic hero, established by both Brontës but set in motion by an older tradition of exiled, cursed yet “dangerous lover” figures (see Lutz), is none other than the alliance forged between Eve and Satan in Milton’s Paradise Lost, as explored by Gilbert and Gubar:
最温顺的少女迫切需要黑魔王从她的日记中现身,这一概念让我们想到了桑德拉·吉尔伯特和苏珊·古巴的《阁楼上的疯女人》,这本书深深影响了我对少年版本的“女儿与哈迪斯式角色的镜像共生”的理解。女儿与拜伦式英雄之间的镜像共生,由勃朗特两姐妹建立,但动因是一个更古老的传统——被流放、被诅咒、“危险的爱人”形象,正是弥尔顿《失乐园》中夏娃和撒旦之间的联盟,正如吉尔伯特和古巴所探究的那样:
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Admiring, even adoring, Satan’s Byronic rebelliousness, his scorn of conventional virtues, his raging energy, the woman writer may have secretly fantasized that she was Satan—or Cain, or Manfred, or Prometheus. But at the same time her feelings of female powerlessness manifested themselves in her conviction that the closest she could really get to being Satan was to be his creature, his tool, the witchlike daughter/mistress who sits at his right hand. (207)
女性作家欣赏甚至崇拜撒旦身上那种拜伦式的反叛精神、他对传统道德的讥讽,以及由于愤怒而激发出来的能量,她们或许还会暗暗地幻想自己就是撒旦——或者该隐、或者曼弗雷德,或者普罗米修斯。但是与此同时,她对女性处于无权状态的种种感受又使她深信不疑地认为,她能够成为撒旦的最大可能性在于成为他的创造物,他的工具,他的女巫一般的女儿或者情人,可以坐在他的右手边。
(——《阁楼上的疯女人》)
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Page 9
Another view, argued by Linda Williams in “When the Woman Looks” and Gilbert and Gubar in The Madwoman in the Attic, is that underworld or supernatural figures are mirrors of women’s own feelings of monstrosity. My view is the latter one: what the girls in this study have most to fear is themselves and their own desires for worlds beyond their mothers. The exiled male signals, at once, escape and yet desire for sexuality and passion.
吉尔伯特和古巴在《阁楼上的疯女人》中提出,冥界或超自然角色是一面镜子,映照了女性自身的怪物感。这项研究中的女孩最恐惧的其实是她们自己以及她们对“母亲之外的世界”的渴望。那个被流放的男性形象,同时代表着逃离、对性和激情的渴望。
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Page 10
As the earlier prototype of what would become the Byronic hero, Milton’s Satan expressed the energies and desires that female protagonists cannot express if they wish to remain “good girls” and maintain the sympathies of readers. Virtuous daughters have an overwhelming need to express ambivalence in fantasy or transitional spheres. In discussing Milton’s Paradise Lost, Gilbert and Gubar interpret Eve’s dream of flying as complement to her docile response and expression of contentment (202). The more the girl cannot reveal her real feelings, the deeper her anguish and desire for flight. In fact, it is hardest to express discontent and desire for independence against good mothers…
作为拜伦式英雄的早期原型,弥尔顿笔下的撒旦表达了女性主角无法表达的能量和欲望。如果她们希望继续做“好女孩”并引起读者的同情,就必须压抑这些能量和欲望。品行端庄的女儿有一种难以抑制的需求,需要在幻想或过渡领域里表达她们的矛盾心理。在讨论弥尔顿的《失乐园》时,吉尔伯特和古巴把夏娃的飞行梦解释为一种补充,补充了她(面对亚当时)温顺的回应和满足的表达。女孩越是无法表露真实感受,她的痛苦和飞翔逃离的欲望就越深。事实上,面对好母亲时是最难表达不满和独立的愿望的……